We also need to manually load:

[salexan5@mblog2 ~]$ module load gdal/3.7.3 geos/3.12.0 proj/9.2.1

> install.packages("sf")
...
also installing the dependencies ‘proxy’, ‘MASS’, ‘e1071’, ‘class’, ‘KernSmooth’, ‘wk’, ‘classInt’, ‘DBI’, ‘Rcpp’, ‘s2’, ‘units’
...
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Configuration failed because libudunits2.so was not found. Try installing:
    * deb: libudunits2-dev (Debian, Ubuntu, ...)
    * rpm: udunits2-devel (Fedora, EPEL, ...)
    * brew: udunits (OSX)
  If udunits2 is already installed in a non-standard location, use:
    --configure-args='--with-udunits2-lib=/usr/local/lib'
  if the library was not found, and/or:
    --configure-args='--with-udunits2-include=/usr/include/udunits2'
  if the header was not found, replacing paths with appropriate values.
  You can alternatively set UDUNITS2_INCLUDE and UDUNITS2_LIBS manually.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘units’
...

[powersw@mblog2 ~]$ module spider udunits
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  udunits: udunits/2.2.28
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    You will need to load all module(s) on any one of the lines below before the "udunits/2.2.28" module is available to load.
      arcc/1.0  gcc/13.2.0
    Help:
      Automated units conversion