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Table of Contents
stylenone

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01 Getting Started

01.01 Getting Started: What is Linux and Linux Distributions (distro)

What is an Operating System?

  • When you turn your device on, it boots up the operating system, which The main software on a system. It manages the communication/interface between your applications and the hardware it is running on.

    os-definition-and-functions.pngImage Added

    As shown in the image above, an operating system (OS) functions between the computer’s hardware and the applications that run on the computer.

What is Linux?

  • Linux is an Operating Systems – similar to Windows, Mac OS, iOS, Android.

  • Linux is open-source – freely available – so you can download, modify and redistribute.

  • Due to this there are 10s of varieties of Linux Distributions (distros):

    • Debian

      • Ubuntu (based on Debian)

    • Fedora

      • Amazon Linux 2

    • Commercial: Red Hat (which we are using today)

      • Rocky Linux

  • There is a lot of commonality across these distros.

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  • Desktop: Windows type Graphical User Interface (GUI)  - mouse point and click.

  • Terminal: Program that opens a graphical window and runs a:

    • Shell which is a command interpreter that processes the typed commands.

      • Interface to the OS.

      • Provides a Command-Line Interface (CLI) – text-based input/output.

      • Different Shells share common commands, but syntax and behavior can be different.

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02 Using the Terminal

  • What does a prompt look like?

  • General syntax of shell command.

  • Commands/options are case sensitive.

  • Getting Help:

    • Man pages (man)

    • Options: <command> --help

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  • Steps through the previous commands you’ve typed.

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03 File System

  • What the file system is, and a typical organization / hierarchy.

  • Some high-level comparison to that of Windows.

  • Absolute vs relative paths.

  • Commands: pwd, cd, ls, mv, cp, mkdir, rmdir, rm

  • History: history

  • File Ownership and Permissions.

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Code Block
# Can you cd into the /opt folder?
[arcc-t05@blog1 ~]$ cd /opt
[arcc-t05@blog1 opt]$

# Can you cd into the /root folder?
[arcc-t05@blog1 ~]$ cd /root
-bash: cd: /root: Permission denied

# Justify your answer.
[arcc-t05@blog1 ~]$ ls -l /
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# “other” has read permissions
drwxr-xr-x.    5 root root    43 Jun 26 11:47 opt
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# No permission set for other read permissions
dr-xr-x---.   17 root root  4096 Oct  4 12:58 root

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04 Next Steps, Summary

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04.01 Next Steps, Suggestions

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