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mkdir: Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist
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Navigating to you |
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$ cd
[~]$ ls
Desktop Documents Downloads
[~]$ mkdir folder01
[~]$ ls
Desktop Documents Downloads folder01
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Try creating that folder again. What happens? |
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[~]$ mkdir folder01
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘folder01’: File exists
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If a folder already exists, you can not make it again. |
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Navigate into this folder and print the current working directory. |
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[~]$ cd folder01/ [folder01]$ pwd /home/<username>/folder01 |
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If a folder already exists, you can not make it again. |
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mkdir: Create the DIRECTORY(mkdir: Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist
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Within Navigate into |
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[folder01]$ mkdir folder02 folder03
[folder01]$ ls
folder02 folder03
[folder01]$ cd folder02/
[folder02]$ pwd
/home/<username>/folder01/folder02
[folder02]$ cd ../..
[~]$ pwd
/home/<username> |
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Notice: You can create multiple folders at the same time. |
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mv: Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY
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Renaming a file is the same as moving it to a new name. Navigate to your home and create a file called |
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[]$ cd # Create an empty file. $ cd [~]$ touch myfil.txt [~]$ ls Desktop Documents Downloads folder01 myfil.txt # Rename the file ‘myfil.txt’ to ‘myfile.txt’: |
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Move this file from |
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[~]$ mv myfil.txt myfile.txt [~]$ ls Desktop Documents Downloads folder01 myfile.txt |
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mv: Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY
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| # Move the file ‘myfile.txt’ into the directory ‘folder01’ |
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[~]$ mv myfile.txt folder01/ [~]$ ls Desktop Documents Downloads folder01 # Demonstrate how to ‘ls’ what is in a relative folder. [~]$ ls folder01/ folder02 myfile.txt myfile.txt |
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Notice how we used |
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cp: Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY
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| # Navigate back to home:home and create a file called |
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[]$ cd # Use the touch command to create an empty file. [~]$ touch myfile02.txt [~]$ ls Desktop Documents Downloads folder01 myfile02.txt # Copy |
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Copy (duplicate) this file to a new file .called |
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[~]$ cp myfile02.txt myfile02b.txt
[~]$ ls
Desktop Documents Downloads folder01 myfile02b.txt myfile02.txt
# Copy a file into an existing folder.
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Copy file |
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[~]$ cp myfile02b.txt folder01/
[~]$ ls folder01/
folder02 folder03 myfile02b.txt myfile.txt |
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cp: folders
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[~]$ cp folder01 cp: missing destination file operand after 'folder01' Try 'cp --help' for more information. [~]$ ls folder01 folder02 myfile02b.txt myfile.txt [~]$ cp folder01 folder03folder04 cp: -r not specified; omitting directory 'folder01’ |
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[~]$ cp –r folder01 folder03folder04 [~]$ ls Desktop Documents Downloads folder01 folder03folder04 myfile02b.txt myfile02.txt [~]$ ls folder03folder04 folder02 myfile02b.txt myfile.txt |
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[~]$ ls Desktop Documents Downloads folder01 folder03folder04 myfile02b.txt myfile02.txt [~]$ mkdir folder04folder05 [~]$ ls Desktop Documents Downloads folder01 folder03folder04 folder04folder05 myfile02b.txt myfile02.txt # Can remove folder04folder05 since it is empty. [~]$ rmdir folder04folder05 [~]$ ls Desktop Documents Downloads folder01 folder03 myfile02b.txt myfile02.txt [~]$ rmdir folder03folder04/ rmdir: failed to remove 'folder03folder04/': Directory not empty |
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You can not use |
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[~]$ cd [~]$ cd folder03folder04 [folder03folder04]$ ls folder02 myfile02b.txt myfile.txt [folder03folder04]$ ls folder02/ [folder03folder04]$ # ‘folder02’ is empty. [folder03folder04]$ rmdir folder02/ [folder03folder04]$ ls myfile02b.txt myfile.txt [folder03folder04]$ rm myfile.txt [folder03folder04]$ ls myfile02b.txt [folder03folder04]$ rm myfile02b.txt |
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rm: Remove (unlink) the FILE(s)
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[folder03folder04]$ ls [folder03folder04]$ # ‘folder03’‘folder04’ is now empty. [folder03folder04]$ cd .. [~]$ rmdir folder03folder04/ [~]$ ls Desktop Documents Downloads folder01 myfile02b.txt myfile02.txt # This has taken a lot of individual steps. # Can we do this quicker? |
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