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Syntax of a Shell Command
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Case Sensitive
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In Linux, commands, options, folder, filenames… are Case Sensitive. |
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# Lists what is in the current location. [<username>@<hostname> ~]$ ls Desktop Documents Downloads # Throws an error. [<username>@<hostname> ~]$ LS -bash: LS: command not found Filename ≠ FiLeNaMe ≠ FILENAME |
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Note |
Remember: |
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Getting Help: man
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Linux has a number of ways to find help on commands. The first is man - “manual”. |
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[<username>@<hostname> ~]$ man ls LS(1) User Commands LS(1) NAME ls - list directory contents SYNOPSIS ls [OPTION]... [FILE]... DESCRIPTION List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alpha‐ betically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -a, --all do not ignore entries starting with . -A, --almost-all do not list implied . and .. ... Manual page ls(1) line 1 (press h for help or q to quit) |
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Getting Help: <command --help>
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The next method is to use a commands |
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[<username>@<hostname> ~]$ ls --help
Usage: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --all do not ignore entries starting with .
-A, --almost-all do not list implied . and ..
--author with -l, print the author of each file
-b, --escape print C-style escapes for nongraphic characters
--block-size=SIZE with -l, scale sizes by SIZE when printing them;
e.g., '--block-size=M'; see SIZE format below
-B, --ignore-backups do not list implied entries ending with ~
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Getting Help: Options
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Typically, options can have a:
Short options can be grouped:
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Single vs Multiple Lines
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If you have a long command, which is difficult to read over a single line, you can split it up across multiple lines. To split, type You can continue to split across multiple lines. Once you’re ready to execute, simply press |
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[<username>@<hostname> ~]$ ls -al ~ [<username>@<hostname> ~]$ ls \ > -al \ > ~ |
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