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Syntax of a Shell Command

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Linux IS Case Sensitive

Info

In Linux, commands, options, folder, filenames… are Case Sensitive.

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Info

The next method is to use a commands command's --help option.

Code Block
[<username>@<hostname> ~]$ ls --help
Usage: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -a, --all                  do not ignore entries starting with .
  -A, --almost-all           do not list implied . and ..
      --author               with -l, print the author of each file
  -b, --escape               print C-style escapes for nongraphic characters
      --block-size=SIZE      with -l, scale sizes by SIZE when printing them;
                               e.g., '--block-size=M'; see SIZE format below
  -B, --ignore-backups       do not list implied entries ending with ~
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Info

If you have a long command, which is difficult to read over a single line, you can split it up across multiple lines.

To split, at the end of the line where you want to split type \ followed by ENTER, and you’ll see that me move to the next line as indicated by the >.

You can continue to split across multiple lines.

Once you’re ready to execute, simply press ENTER (without the \ character).

Code Block
[<username>@<hostname> ~]$ ls -al ~

[<username>@<hostname> ~]$ ls \
> -al \
> ~

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Exercises

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Questions:

  1. Is there a difference between running ls versus ls -al?

  2. How can you find out what the –al options do?

  3. What does the pwd command do?

  4. From the command line, what happens if you press the up/down arrow keys?

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Answers(1)

1: Is there a difference between running ls versus ls -al?

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