Goals: Introduction to using a Terminal

What does a prompt look like?
General syntax of shell command.
Commands/options are case sensitive.
Getting Help:
- Man pages (man)
- Options: <command> --help

1 Login
2 Start MedicineBow Shell Access
3 The Command-Line Prompt
4 Your Prompt
5 Syntax of a Shell Command
6 Linux IS Case Sensitive
7 Getting Help: man
8 Getting Help: <command --help>
9 Getting Help: Options
10 Single vs Multiple Lines
11 Exercises

Login

Open up Chrome
Navigate to: MedicineBow OnDemand
Type in your provided username and password. Usually this will be your UWYO username and password, unless you are using an assigned training account.
Authenticate using your preferred 2 factor method (expandable directions below):

If you usually get a two-factor push to your phone, just hit enter after entering your username and password, then complete authentication by approving the push on your device.

Without hitting enter after typing in your username and password, in the password text box, append a comma (,) to the end of your password, then append phone as shown in the screenshot below:

You should get a phone call on your main phone # associated with your two factor account. Answer this call and hit # to approve access.

If you prefer to use a 2 factor passcode from your Duo Mobile app, without hitting enter after typing in your username and password, in the password text box, append a comma (,) to the end of your password, then append the multi digit passcode found in duo mobile as shown in the screenshot below:

Type in the account password, then, without hitting enter, append a comma (,) to the end of the password, then touch the light on the yubikey as shown in the screenshot and photo below:

Then hit the green light on your yubikey to authenticate:

Start MedicineBow Shell Access

The Command-Line Prompt

Your Prompt

From now on, your prompt will take the form: [<username>@<hostname> ~]$

where:

<username> is YOUR username or potentially arcc-txx if you are using a training account.
<hostname> will take the form of mblog1, mblog2 - it should have log within the name to indicate you are using a login node - this will be covered within the Intro to HPC workshop, specifically What is HPC?

Syntax of a Shell Command

Linux IS Case Sensitive

In Linux, commands, options, folder, filenames… are Case Sensitive.

# Lists what is in the current location.
[<username>@<hostname> ~]$ ls
Desktop  Documents  Downloads
# Throws an error.
[<username>@<hostname> ~]$ LS
-bash: LS: command not found
Filename  ≠  FiLeNaMe  ≠  FILENAME

Remember: Filename ≠ FiLeNaMe ≠ FILENAME

Getting Help: man

[<username>@<hostname> ~]$ man ls
LS(1)                                     User Commands                                     LS(1)
NAME
       ls - list directory contents
SYNOPSIS
       ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
DESCRIPTION
       List  information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).  Sort entries alpha‐
       betically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified.
       Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
       -a, --all
              do not ignore entries starting with .
       -A, --almost-all
              do not list implied . and ..
       ...
Manual page ls(1) line 1 (press h for help or q to quit)

Getting Help: <command --help>

[<username>@<hostname> ~]$ ls --help
Usage: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -a, --all                  do not ignore entries starting with .
  -A, --almost-all           do not list implied . and ..
      --author               with -l, print the author of each file
  -b, --escape               print C-style escapes for nongraphic characters
      --block-size=SIZE      with -l, scale sizes by SIZE when printing them;
                               e.g., '--block-size=M'; see SIZE format below
  -B, --ignore-backups       do not list implied entries ending with ~
...

Getting Help: Options

Single vs Multiple Lines

Exercises

Answers(1)

1: Is there a difference between running ls versus ls -al?

Yes. The ls command is used to list files.

The characters after the '-' are flags, which select options associated with the command.

Answers(2)

2: How would you find out what the –al options do?

Answers(3, 4)

3: What does the pwd command do?

4: From the command line, what happens if you press the up/down arrow keys?

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Using the Terminal